Optimization of CO2 Concentration on Mortality of Various Stages of Callosobruchus maculatus and Development of Controlled Atmosphere Storage Structure for Black Gram Grains

Pulse beetle (Callosobruchus maculatus) is a common weevil that responsible for up to 24% of stored pulse losses. Using black gram grain storage, the efficiency carbon dioxide gas against all life stages Callosobruchus maculatus insects was tested at various concentrations and exposure times. The trials were carried out in pilot bins with capacity 25 kg. At CO2 concentration 50%, complete mortality egg stage attained after 72 h continuous exposure. 60% 48 h, 100% larva achieved. most tolerant pupa, recorded 70% 96 hours period. Adult are especially vulnerable high concentration. achieved 20% an period h. CO2-treated grams then three months optimized period, while physiochemical parameters such as water retention physiological loss weight determined. Grain silo showing significant measured 20-25 days observation. use controlled atmosphere storage bin increased insect C. developmental stages, by means increasing time. showed minimum losses (4.10%) compared gunny bag (22.56%).